The key contents for formulating the forging process on the hammer include:
① Drawing die forging drawings based on forging drawings;
② Define the deformation process plan, mainly the type and sequence of deformation steps;
③ Carry out step design and corresponding groove design;
④ Calculation and selection of raw materials;
⑤ Specify equipment tonnage;
⑥ Define the structural design of forgings and draw forging drawings;
⑦ Define heating and cooling standards and heat treatment processes for forging blanks;
⑧ Define the trimming process flow and design scheme of the trimming mold;
⑨ Define the process flow and machine equipment for cleaning and correcting forgings;
⑩ Fill in the die forging process card.
The general process flow of die forging mainly includes blanking, heating, removing oxide skin, blank making, die forging, trimming, heat treatment, surface cleaning, correction, inspection, and other processes. After heating, the steel billet gradually deforms in a series of grooves of the forging, and then becomes a forging. The deformation process of the steel billet in each die chamber of the forging is called the die forging step. The die forging process flow is the most important and critical component of the die forging process flow. It specifies which die forging process steps are selected to carry out the forging process flow. The basic steps of hammer forging are divided into the following three types.
The key function of the blank making work step is to redistribute the volume of the blank or change the axis shape of the blank, effectively distributing the volume of the blank, making the cross-sectional area of the blank along the axis consistent with the forging, which is beneficial for the metal material of the forging to fill the cavity. The key steps of blank making include altitude, length, rolling, pressing, shoulder pressing, clamping, forming, bending, etc.
2. The die making work steps include pre forging and final forging work steps, whose function is to enable the blank to be forged to obtain the required shape and size of the forging. The applied cavity is called a forging die chamber or a die forging cavity, and there are two types of pre forging and forging. Each forging must have forging steps, and the selection of pre forging steps can be determined based on the actual situation.
3. Cutting Work Steps The key effect of cutting work steps is to cut and separate forgings from the bar stock. When selecting multiple die forgings in one heat, cut off the forged forgings in order to forge the next forging again or to cut off burrs, jaws, etc. The basis for selecting mold making work steps is: the shape characteristics of forgings, machine equipment standards, production and manufacturing standards, production capacity, and the technical level of workers. The main issues often considered when considering die forging steps are: whether there are die forging precedents for similar forgings for reference, whether there are fewer work steps to complete the die forging, whether pre forgings are used, how to reduce waste loss, how to facilitate operation, whether it is possible to reduce the number of transfers during the blank making process, and whether multiple forgings can be used.