The brake caliper is used to clamp the brake disc to generate braking force. Its relatively rotating brake disc is fixed. When you step on the brake, it clamps the brake disc to decelerate or stop.
1、 Brake pads
1. It is generally composed of steel plate, adhesive thermal insulation layer and friction block. The thermal insulation layer is composed of non heat transfer materials for thermal insulation (overheating may easily cause the brake system to burn);
2. The friction block is composed of friction materials and adhesives. When braking, it is squeezed on the brake disc or brake drum to generate friction, so as to achieve the purpose of vehicle deceleration and braking. The friction block will be gradually worn due to friction.
2、 Brake disc
1. The brake disc, also known as the brake disc, works with the brake pad and acts on the automobile brake system;
2. The brake disc is a round plate, which also rotates when the car moves;
3. If the brake caliper clamps the brake disc to generate braking force, it clamps the brake disc to decelerate or stop when you step on the brake. The simplest difference between them is that the brake disc is rotating like the wheel, but the brake pad is always stationary.
3、 Type of brake disc
1. Drum brake
1. The brake pad is installed in the brake drum. When braking, the brake piston will push the brake pad outward to cause friction with the brake drum to achieve the braking effect;
2. Drum brakes are simple in structure and low in manufacturing cost. They are mostly used in the rear wheels of vehicles;
3. The disadvantage of drum brake is poor heat dissipation. Since the brake working mechanism is enclosed in the brake drum, the heat cannot be dissipated quickly after continuous braking.
2. Disc brake
1. The brake disc rotates with the wheel. When braking, the brake caliper piston will push the brake pad to clamp the brake disc to generate friction, so as to achieve the braking effect;
2. Compared with drum brake, disc brake has the advantages of good heat dissipation, rapid response, average braking force, good drainage, etc. Since the whole brake mechanism is exposed, it is more conducive to heat dissipation.
3. Ventilated disc brake
1. Ventilated disc brake, there are many holes in the brake disc, and the airflow will shuttle in these holes during driving, so the cooling and drainage effect is good;
2. Compared with the solid disk, the ventilation disk is lighter because part of the disk body is removed, reducing the inertia during rotation, which is conducive to improving vehicle acceleration and braking performance.
4. Drum brake
1. Drum brake is applied to the rear wheel of the vehicle, brake disc is used for vehicle braking, and brake drum is used for vehicle parking;
2. The advantage is to reduce the brake disc caliper pressure, and dual mode braking can be used in emergency;
3. The disadvantage is that the structure is too complex and the cost is high.
5. Disc brake
1. The disc brake has a flat brake shoe on both sides of the brake disc. When the oil pressure of the brake master cylinder is sent to the slave cylinder, the brake shoe is clamped to the brake disc to achieve the effect of tight braking;
2. At present, disc brakes are generally used for front wheels. Some advanced cars are equipped with four-wheel disc brakes, which have the advantages of sensitive function, good heat dissipation, no need to adjust the brake clearance, and easy maintenance;
3. A car with four-wheel disc brakes is more expensive than a car with two wheel disc brakes.